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EPA
Grant Number:
R826169
Title:
Kinetic and Mechanistic Studies of the Reactions of Hydroxyl Radical
with the Chloroethenes over an Extended Temperature Range
Investigators:
Philip H. Taylor, Barry Dellinger
Institution:
University of Dayton
EPA Project Officer:
Paul Shapiro
Project Period:
November 24, 1997 - November 23, 2000
Project Amount:
$356,702
Research Category:
Environmental Engineering
Description:
The chloroethenes are widely used toxic organic chemicals and
frequently observed products of incomplete combustion of chlorinated
hydrocarbons. High-temperature incineration is currently considered
the best available technology for the safe disposal of these toxic
compounds. Experimental and modeling studies have repeatedly shown
that OH radical reactions are among the most important elementary
steps in the high-temperature oxidation of hydrocarbon species under
near-stoichiometric conditions. Hence, information regarding the
reaction rates of OH with chloroethenes is also of major importance to
the study of the high-temperature oxidation of these compounds. With
the exception of CH2=CHCl, there is a lack of reliable OH rate data
for the chloroethenes at temperatures approaching those in the flame
and post-flame environment, since the temperature ranges of previous
experimental studies that focused on atmospheric reactivity extended
only to ~400 K.
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| Factors
Controlling the Dust Mite Population in the Indoor Environment |
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EPA
Grant Number:
R825250
Title:
Factors Controlling the Dust Mite Population in the Indoor Environment
Investigator:
Larry G. Arlian
Institution:
Wright State University
EPA Project Officer:
Deran Pashayan
Project Period:
December 1, 1996 - November 30, 1999
Project Amount:
$480,000
Research Category:
Air Quality
Description:
Asthma and allergic rhinitis (hay fever) affect 15 and 24.2 million
persons, respectively, in the U.S. A high percentage of allergic
individuals are sensitive to allergens from the house dust mites
Dermatophagoides farinae, D. pteronyssinus and Euroglyphus maynei that
are prevalent in carpets, beds and fabric-covered furniture in homes in
humid geographical areas. The goal of this research is to elucidate the
specific climatic and biological factors that reduce and promote house
dust mite population growth in human dwellings, workplaces and schools.
To achieve this goal, the studies will:
a) Determine if the regulated use of high-efficiency dehumidifiers and
air conditioners in homes with high mite levels reduces indoor relative
humidity sufficiently to reduce mite survival and population growth and
thus mite allergen levels.
b) Establish dust mite survival and their population dynamics in
fluctuating climatic conditions.
c) Evaluate various laundry and carpet cleaning products for their
efficacy in killing mites and removing them from carpet, clothing,
bedding, and fabric.
d) Elucidate the relationship between xerophilic fungi and house dust
mite survival.
e) Elucidate how mites disperse and colonize dwellings.
The data obtained from the research will serve as a basis for developing
guidelines and making recommendations for reducing mite and mite allergen
levels in dwellings for people of all socioeconomic levels and therefore
reduce human exposure.
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| Back-End
Modifications of Portland Cement Plants to Reduce Emissions of Hazardous
Air Pollutant Funded by NSF |
|
NSF
Grant
Title: Back-End Modifications of Portland Cement Plants to Reduce
Emissions of Hazardous Air Pollutant Funded by NSF
Investigator:
Sukhjinder S. Sidhu
Institution:
Dept. of Materials Engineering
University of Dayton
Project Period: 1996-1999
Project Amount: $330,000
Research Category:
Air Quality
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| Pollution
Prevention Technology Transfer for the Printing Industry |
|
EPA
Grant Number:
R824741
Title:
Pollution Prevention Technology Transfer for the Printing Industry
Investigators:
Sally Clement and Larry Kramer
Institution:
Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Sciences, Inc. (IAMS)
EPA Project Officer:
Matthew Clark
Project Period:
October 1995 - October 1997
Project Amount:
$259,284
Research Category:
Incentives and Impediments to Pollution Prevention
Description:
The purpose of this project is to speed the
implementation of cost-effective pollution prevention (P2) technology to
the lithographic printing industry in the Southwest Ohio area. It is a
joint project of the Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Sciences, Inc. (IAMS)
and the Printing Industries Association of Southern Ohio (PIASO). To
promote acceptance and implementation of P2 technologies, IAMS proposes
to: 1) perform onsite assessments of eight preexisting facilities to
identify P2 opportunities; 2) create a manual containing best P2 practices
and available resources; and 3) conduct a one-day training event jointly
with PIASO. Speakers primarily will be representatives from local
benchmark companies who will share their experiences.
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