STAR Research Projects

3 of 4 pages

 

Kinetic and Mechanistic Studies of the Reactions of Hydroxyl Radical with the Chloroethenes over an Extended Temperature Range
EPA Grant Number: R826169
Title: Kinetic and Mechanistic Studies of the Reactions of Hydroxyl Radical with the Chloroethenes over an Extended Temperature Range
Investigators: Philip H. Taylor, Barry Dellinger
Institution: University of Dayton
EPA Project Officer: Paul Shapiro
Project Period: November 24, 1997 - November 23, 2000
Project Amount: $356,702
Research Category: Environmental Engineering
Description:

The chloroethenes are widely used toxic organic chemicals and frequently observed products of incomplete combustion of chlorinated hydrocarbons. High-temperature incineration is currently considered the best available technology for the safe disposal of these toxic compounds. Experimental and modeling studies have repeatedly shown that OH radical reactions are among the most important elementary steps in the high-temperature oxidation of hydrocarbon species under near-stoichiometric conditions. Hence, information regarding the reaction rates of OH with chloroethenes is also of major importance to the study of the high-temperature oxidation of these compounds. With the exception of CH2=CHCl, there is a lack of reliable OH rate data for the chloroethenes at temperatures approaching those in the flame and post-flame environment, since the temperature ranges of previous experimental studies that focused on atmospheric reactivity extended only to ~400 K.

back to top

 

Factors Controlling the Dust Mite Population in the Indoor Environment
EPA Grant Number: R825250
Title: Factors Controlling the Dust Mite Population in the Indoor Environment
Investigator: Larry G. Arlian
Institution: Wright State University
EPA Project Officer: Deran Pashayan
Project Period: December 1, 1996 - November 30, 1999
Project Amount: $480,000
Research Category: Air Quality
Description:

Asthma and allergic rhinitis (hay fever) affect 15 and 24.2 million persons, respectively, in the U.S. A high percentage of allergic individuals are sensitive to allergens from the house dust mites Dermatophagoides farinae, D. pteronyssinus and Euroglyphus maynei that are prevalent in carpets, beds and fabric-covered furniture in homes in humid geographical areas. The goal of this research is to elucidate the specific climatic and biological factors that reduce and promote house dust mite population growth in human dwellings, workplaces and schools. To achieve this goal, the studies will:
a) Determine if the regulated use of high-efficiency dehumidifiers and air conditioners in homes with high mite levels reduces indoor relative humidity sufficiently to reduce mite survival and population growth and thus mite allergen levels.
b) Establish dust mite survival and their population dynamics in fluctuating climatic conditions.
c) Evaluate various laundry and carpet cleaning products for their efficacy in killing mites and removing them from carpet, clothing, bedding, and fabric.
d) Elucidate the relationship between xerophilic fungi and house dust mite survival.
e) Elucidate how mites disperse and colonize dwellings.
The data obtained from the research will serve as a basis for developing guidelines and making recommendations for reducing mite and mite allergen levels in dwellings for people of all socioeconomic levels and therefore reduce human exposure.

back to top

 

Back-End Modifications of Portland Cement Plants to Reduce Emissions of Hazardous Air Pollutant Funded by NSF
NSF Grant
Title: Back-End Modifications of Portland Cement Plants to Reduce Emissions of Hazardous Air Pollutant Funded by NSF
Investigator: Sukhjinder S. Sidhu
Institution: Dept. of Materials Engineering
                     University of Dayton
Project Period: 1996-1999
Project Amount: $330,000
Research Category: Air Quality

back to top

 

Pollution Prevention Technology Transfer for the Printing Industry
EPA Grant Number: R824741
Title: Pollution Prevention Technology Transfer for the Printing Industry
Investigators: Sally Clement and Larry Kramer
Institution: Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Sciences, Inc. (IAMS)
EPA Project Officer: Matthew Clark
Project Period: October 1995 - October 1997
Project Amount: $259,284
Research Category: Incentives and Impediments to Pollution Prevention
Description: 

The purpose of this project is to speed the implementation of cost-effective pollution prevention (P2) technology to the lithographic printing industry in the Southwest Ohio area. It is a joint project of the Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Sciences, Inc. (IAMS) and the Printing Industries Association of Southern Ohio (PIASO). To promote acceptance and implementation of P2 technologies, IAMS proposes to: 1) perform onsite assessments of eight preexisting facilities to identify P2 opportunities; 2) create a manual containing best P2 practices and available resources; and 3) conduct a one-day training event jointly with PIASO. Speakers primarily will be representatives from local benchmark companies who will share their experiences.

back to top

  Back       Next

[Home]        [Graduate Universities]        [Undergraduate Universities]        [Private Org.]      [Research Database]          [Govt. Agencies]